The American city introduced that, Houston Southeast area biggest city, nation biggest oil industry center andthird big port. Is located southeast State of texas the coast, passesthe long 80 kilometer sea canal and the Gulf of Mexico is connected,urban district area 1,440 square kilometers, population 1.63 million(1,990); Big urban district including Harris and so on 6 counties andnearby 中小城 town, area 16,278 square kilometers. Is situated at the broad and level coastal plain, the river lakemultitudinous, the average elevation only 15 meters, the climate warmis wet. 1 monthly mean temperature 12.6 ℃, in August 28.9 ℃, theyear precipitation 1,150 millimeters, the cusp of summer and falloften receives the hurricane attack. The beginning constructed in1836; The early time for livestock product collection and distributioncenter G along with railroad constructing, specially at the beginningof 20th century the nearby regions oil gas resources development aswell as sea canal opening cutting, the city is rapidly gruff, formsgradually by the oil industry primarily industrial system, thepopulation grows unceasingly, the near 20 year growths especially israpid. Is known as "the world oil all". Around the city the derrick stands ingreat numbers, the drill tubing vertically and horizontally, refinesoil with the photochemistry industry is developed, refines oil theability as well as the ethylene, the synthetic rubber and so on themain petrification volume of output occupies the national first place.Take it as the center, east to Beaumont, west to Corpus Christi, isthe US biggest oil industry region, the crude oil and the oil qualityloses through the pipeline toward California, northeastern part andfive great lakes industrial districts; The American each big petroleumbase company or the subsidiary company are located in this city; Otherindustry sectors mainly for and oil industry necessary steel and iron,machinery, steel pipe, oil extraction equipment and oil tankermanufacture; In addition, has chemistry, the cotton and kapok spinningand weaving, the rice milling and the meats processing and so on; Thefactory enterprise mainly distributes in the east end sea canal twosides, here is US biggest refines oil the center, in addition also hasmany shipyards and the granary. Houston is the artificial port. Tonghai transports above the riverwidth 90 meters, the deep 11 meters, approximately have 5,000ocean-going ships every year from this the difference; Is the nationalbiggest petroleum and the wheat outport; The year cargo volume ofgoods handled, is only inferior in New Orleans and port of New York,but mainly belongs to our country cabotage; The American north west onland transportation center, 5 railroads skeleton lines and the multi-strip male route assume 辐射状 to pass to each place, the city weekhas the highway to surround, local is equipped with 2 airports, towncenter take the northern 27 kilometer place Houston intercontinentalairport, as leads to Latin America and the European various countriesairborne gateway. Houston is world famous by the astronavigation and the medicalscientific research. The NASA biggest space research center supposessouth this East City 35 kilometer Cleere lakeside, the occupying aland area of undergoes 6 hectares, this center by deceased PresidentRindenJohnson's name naming; Famous "Apollo" moon landing, "the spacelab" aswell as "Colombia" the aerospace craft and so on lifts off in this;The scale giant Texas medical center is located southwest the city,has 26 medicine colleges and universities, the hospital and thedevelopment facility, in the world the heart transplant carries on forthe first time in this. One of important financial centers. Has our country bank more than230, foreign bank more than 50. Local the trade is prosperous, thewholesale retail turnover occupies south US head of the variouscities; Architecture industry prosperous, the tall building, the pathconstruction is very quick, the city expands unceasingly; The culture,the education, the entertainment facility are multitudinous, hasHouston University and so on 29 institutions of higher learning, theIlay theater nation is well-known.
